Lesser Kestrel Reference List

Compiled by Dr Dave Pepler, South Africa

Acocks, J.P.H. 1988. The veld types of South Africa. Memoirs of the Botanical Society of South Africa. Government Printer. Pretoria.

Adams, H.J. 1986. Die status en verspreiding van die Kleinrooivalkie Falco naumanni in die Oranje-Vrystaat. Unpubl. BSc. Thesis. Univ. Orange Free State. Bloemfontein.

Alderstam, T. 1993. Bird migration. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.

Ali, s. & Ripley, S.D. 1968. Handbook of the birds of India and Pakistan. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press. London.

Allan, d.g. 1995. Habitat selection by blue cranes in the Western Cape Province and the Karoo. S. Afr. J. Wildl. Res. 25(3):91-95.

Anderson, D. & Grove, R. 1987. The scramble for Eden: past, present and future in African conservation. in: Anderson, D. & Grove, R. (eds.). Conservation in Africa: people, policies and practice. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.

anon, 1955. Checklist of the birds of the SW Cape Province. The Cape Bird Club. Cape Town.

armstrong, s. 1995. The obstacle course. New Scientist 1998:58-59.

Ash, j.s. 1980. Migrational studies of Palearctic birds in Ethiopia. Proc. 5th Afr. Orn. Cong.:199-208.

asher, m. 1995. Thesiger. Penguin Books. London.

Auburn, j. 1988. Do some African Lesser Kestrels migrate from the Far East across the Indian Ocean? Gabar 3:5-7.

bannerman, D.a. 1951. The birds of tropical west Africa. The Crown Agents for the Colonies. London.

bannerman, d.a. 1953. The birds of West and Equatorial Africa. Vol. 1. The Crown Agents for the Colonies. London.

Barbier, e.b. 1992. Community-based development in Africa. in: Swanson, T.M. & Barbier, E.B. (eds.). Economics for the wilds: wildlife, wildlands, diversity and development. Earthscan Publications. London.

Barwise, J. 1994. Taking responsibility: Health and wellbeing. Council for the environment educational programme/WWF UK. Pluto Press. London.

Belik, W.P. & Davygora, A.W. 1990. Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni. Results of studying rare animals. Moscow Academy of Sciences. Moscow. (unpublished report).

Bennett, t.d. & Cuthill, i.c. 1994. Ultraviolet vision in birds - what is its function? Vision Research 34:1471-1478.

Bennett, t.d., Cuthill, I.c. Partridge, j.c. & maier, e. 1996. Ultraviolet vision and mate choice in zebra finches. Nature 380:433-435.

benson, c.w. 1953. A check list of the birds of Nyasaland. The Njasaland Society. Blantyre.

benson, c.w., brooke, r.k., dowsett, r.j. & irwin, m.p.s. 1971. The birds of Zambia. Collins. London.

Berger, d. j. 1993. Wildlife extension: participatory conservation by the Maasai of Kenya. African Centre for Technology Studies. Nairobi.

bergier, P. 1987. Les rapaces diuernes du Maroc. Statut, R‚partition et Ecologie. Annales du CEEP No. 3, Aix-en-Provence.

Biber, J-P. 1990. Action plan for the conservation of Western Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni populations. ICBP Study Report No 41. ICBP. Cambridge.

Biber, J-P. 1994. Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni. in: Tucker, G.M., Heath, M.F., Tomialojc, L. & Grimmett, R.F.A. (eds.). Birds in Europe: their conservation status. BirdLife Conservation Series No. 3. BirdLife International. Cambridge.

Biber, J-P. 1995. Action plan for the conservation of Western Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni populations. ICBP Study Report No. 41 (revised volume). ICBP. Cambridge.

Biber, j-p., & salath, T. 1991. Threats to migratory birds. in: Salath‚, T. (ed.). Conserving migratory birds. ICBP Technical Publication No. 12. ICBP Cambridge.

Biber-Klemm, S. 1991. International legal instruments for the protection of migratory birds: an overview for the West Palearctic-African flyways. in: Salath‚, T. (ed.). Conserving migratory birds. ICBP Technical Publication No. 12. Cambridge.

bijleveld, m. 1974. Birds of prey in Europe. MacMillan Press. London.

bijlsma, r.g. 1987. Bottleneck areas for migratory birds in the Mediterranean region. Study Report No. 18. ICBP. Cambridge.

Bildstein, k.l. & zalles, j.i. (eds.). 1995. Raptor migration watch-site manual. Hawk Mountain Sanctuary Association. Kempen.

Brandl, R., Utschick, H. & Schmidtke, e. 1985. Raptors and land use systems in South Africa. Afr. J. Ecol. 23:11-20.

Britton, P.L. (ed.). 1980. Birds of East Africa: their habitat, status and distribution. East Africa Natural History Society. Nairobi.

brown, l.h. 1970. African birds of prey. Collins. London.

Brown, L.H. 1973. Conservation for survival: Ethiopia's choice. Haille Sellassi I University Press. Addis Ababa.

brown, l.h. 1976. Birds of prey: their biology and ecology. Hamlyn. London.

brown, l.h. 1980. The conservation of African birds: threats, problems and action needed. in: Johnson, D.N. (ed.). Proc. IV Pan-Afr. Ornith. Congr. SAOS. Johannesburg.

brown, L.h. & amadon, d. 1968. Eagles, hawks and falcons of the world. Country Life Books. London.

Brown, L.h., Urban, E.K. & Newman, K. 1982. The birds of Africa. Vol.1. Academic Press. London.

Brown, M.B., & Tiffen, P. 1992. Short changed: Africa and the world trade. Pluto Press. London.

Bruggers, r.l. & Elliot, c.c.h. 1989. Introduction. in: Bruggers, R.L. & Elliot, C.C.H. (eds.). Quelea quelea: Africa's bird pest. Oxford University Press. Oxford.

bundy, g. 1976. The birds of Libya. B.O.U. Check-list No. 1. British Ornithologists Union. London.

Cade, T.J. 1982. Falcons of the world. Cornell University Press. New York.

Cary, R. 1973. A guide to the birds of Portugal. Uni o Gr fica. Lisbon.

Caughley, G. & Sinclair, A.R.E. 1994. Wildlife ecology and management. Blackwell Scientific Publications. Oxford.

Cave, F.O. & macdonald, j.d. 1955. Birds of the Sudan. Oliver and Boyd. Edinburgh.

cheylan, g. 1991. Historique de la r‚gression du Faucon cr‚cerellette en France. (unpublished document).

clancey, p.a. 1965. A catalogue of birds of the South African sub-region. Part 2. Durban Mus. Novit. 7:205-388.

clancey, p.a. 1971. A handlist of the birds of southern Mocambique. Instituto de Investigacao cientificas de Mocambique. Lorenco Marques.

Clarfield, G. 1991. Ethnobiology, wildlife and conservation. in: Grootenhuis, J.G., Njuguma, S.G. & Kat, P.W. (eds.). Wildlife Research for Sustainable Development. Kenya Agricultural Research Institute. Nairobi.

Colahan, B.D. 1993. Status of the Lesser Kestrel in urban and peri-urban areas in the Orange Free State, South Africa. Mirafra 10(2):33-39.

coles, P. 1995. In pursuit of excellence. New Scientist 1998:52-54.

collar, n.j. & andrew, p. 1988. Birds to watch: The ICBP world checklist of threatened birds. ICBP Technical publication No. 8. ICBP. Cambridge.

collar, n.j., crosby, m.j. & stattersfield, a.j. 1994. Birds to watch 2: The world list of threatened birds. BirdLife Conservation Series No. 4. BirdLife International. Cambridge.

Cooper, j. e. 1972. Veterinary aspects of captive birds of prey. Hawk Trust. Newent.

corbet, s.a. 1995. Insects, plants and succession: advantages of long-term set-aside. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 53:201-217.

Cramp, s. & simmons, k.e.l. (eds.). 1980. Handbook of birds of Europe, the middle east and north Africa: The birds of the western Palearctic. Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Oxford.

Crick, h.q.p. 1992. The ecology and conservation of Palearctic-African migrants. Ibis 134 suppl. 1:1-2.

crook, j.h. & ward, p. 1968. The Quelea problem in Africa. in: Murton, R.K. and Wright, E.N. (eds.). The problem of birds as pests. Academic Press. London.

crowe, t.m. 1995. Wildlife utilization: science vs. ethics and Northern vs. Southern perspectives. S. A. J. Sci. 91:375-376.

Cumming, D.H.M. 1993. Conservation issues and problems in Africa. in: Lewis, D. & Carter, N. (eds.). Voices from Africa: Local perspectives on conservation. World Wildlife Fund. Washington D.C.

cURRY-LINDAHL, K. 1981. Bird migration in Africa: Movements between six continents. Adademic Press. London

Curry-lindahl, k. 1982. Das grosse buch vom vogelzug. Paul Parey. Berlin.

de grazio, j.w. 1989. Pest birds: an international perspective. in: Bruggers, R.L. & Elliot, C.C.H. (eds.). Quelea quelea: Africa's bird pest. Oxford University Press. Oxford.

de schauensee, r.m. 1984. The birds of China. Oxford University Press. Oxford.

De Villiers, B. 1993. Development of a co-ordinated programme for the medical management of radiation casualties. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Congress of South African Association of Physicists in Medicine and Biology. Bloemfontein. (unpublished report).

del Hoyo, j., Elliot, a. & sargatal, j. 1995. Handbook of the birds of the world. Vol. 2. Lynx Editions. Barcelona.

Dementiev, G.P. 1951. Order Falconiformes (Accipetres). Duirnal Raptors. in: Dementiev, G.P. & Gladkov, N.A. (eds.). The birds of the Soviet Union. Vol. 1. Israel Progr. Sci. Translations.

diamond, a.w., schreiber, r.l., attenborough, d. & presit, i. 1987. Save the birds. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.

Dinesen, I. 1960. Shadows on the grass. Random House. New York.

Don zar, J.A., Negro, J.J. & Hiraldo, F. 1993. Foraging, habitat selection, land-use changes and population decline in the Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni. J. Appl. Ecol. 30:515-522.

du toit, j. 1995. Doing away with DDT. On Track May/June 1995:12-14.

dugan, p. j. 1991. Conservation and sustainable development: how can it help migratory birds. in: Salath‚, T. (ed.). Conserving migratory birds. ICBP Technical Publication No. 12. Cambridge.

Dyer, m.i. & Ward, p. 1977. Management of pest situations. in: Pinowski, J. & Kendeigh, S.C. (eds.). Granivorous birds in ecosystems. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.

ecolink. 1996. Ecolink 1996: Rural women and their environment. African Wildlife 50(11):13-15.

Elliot, c.c.h. 1988. Do bird pests contribute to famine in Africa? Proc. XIX Internat. Ornith. Congr.:455-463. Ottowa.

Else, l., greig, v. & Hathway, n. 1995. The shock of the real: Africa's individual voices overturn modern myths. New Scientist 1998:32-35.

Eltringham, s.k. 1984. Wildlife resources and economic development. John Wiley and Sons. London.

Eltringham, s.k. 1986. Consultant's Report: College of African Wildlife Management, Mweka, Tanzania. (unpublished report).

fanshaw, J.H. 1989. Migrant Lesser Kestrels Falco naumanni associated with plains game in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. Scopus 13:115-116.

Fanshaw, J.h. & bennan, L.a. 1991. Bird conservation in Kenya: creating a national strategy. Bird Conservation International 1:293-315.

feare, c.j. 1993. Control of bird pest populations. in: Perrins, C.M., Lebreton, J-D. & Hirons, G.J.M. (eds.). Bird population studies: relevance to conservation and management. Oxford University Press. Oxford.

Fenech, n. 1992. Fatal flight: the Maltese obsession with killing birds. Quiller Press. London.

fleischner, t.l. 1994. Ecological costs of livestock grazing in western North America. Conservation Biology 8:629-644.

Fourie, W.D.M. & Claassen, P. 1992. (eds.). The integrated environmental management procedure. Six booklets. Department of Environmental Affairs. Pretoria.

Fry, c.h. 1992. The Moreau ecological overview. Ibis 134 suppl. 1:3-6.

gabriel, t. 1993. Gender constraints upon receiving and disseminating agricultural information: The role of women. in: Saini, R.K. & Haskell, P.T. (eds.). Community-based and environmentally safe pest management. Proceedings of a workshop: International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology. ICIPE Science Press. Nairobi.

galushin, v.m. 1981. Changes in population status and nest range distribution of Falconiformes in the USSR since 1950. Raptor Research 15:4-11.

Galushin, v.m. 1991. Status and protection of birds of prey in the USSR. Populations”kologie Greifvogel. Eulenarten 2:35-38.

galushin, v.m. 1994. Long-term changes in birds of prey populations within European Russia and neighbouring countries. in: Hagemeijer, E.J.M. & Verstrael, T.J. (eds.). Bird Numbers 1992. Voorburg/Heerlen.

Galushin, v.m. 1995a. Contemporary population state of rare predatory bird species in European Russia. in: Tribute to Prof. V.V. Stanchinsky. Smolensk.

Galushin, v.m. 1995b. Globally threatened birds of prey in Russia. International Conference: Holarctic Birds of Prey. WWGBP, Badajos. (unpublished document).

Genis, N. de L. & Rabie, M.A. 1983. Control of environmental quality: Biocides. in: Fuggle, R.F. & Rabie, M.A. (eds.). Environmental concerns in South Africa. Juta and Co. Cape Town.

g�nsbíl, b. 1989. Collins guide to the birds of prey of Britain and Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. Collins. London.

Gibbon, P., Havnevik, K.j. & hERMELE, k. 1993. A blighted harvest: The World Bank and African Agriculture in the 80s. James Curry. London.

Glantz, M.H. 1987. Drought and economic development in sub-Saharan Africa. in: Glantz, M.H. (ed.). Drought and hunger in Africa: denying famine a future. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.

Glutz von Blotzheim, u.n., bauer, k.m. & Bezzel, E. (eds.). 1971. Handbuch der V”gel Mitteleuropas. Band 4: Falconiformes. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft. Frankfurt.

Goodman, S.M. & Meiniger, P. (eds.). 1989. The birds of Egypt. Oxford University Press. Oxford.

Goudie, a.s. 1994. Deserts in a warmer world. in: Millington, A.C. & Pye, K. (eds.). Environmental change in drylands. John Wiley & Sons. Chichester.

Goulding, k. 1994. Taking responsibilty: Art, design and performing arts. Council for the environment educational programme/WWF UK. Pluto Press. London.

Graham, P. 1964. Destruction of birds and other wildlife by Dieldrin spraying against tsetse fly in Bechuanaland. Arnoldia (Rhodesia) 9(10):1-4.

Greathead, D.j. 1992. Biological control as a potential tool for locust and grasshopper control. in: Lomer, C.J. & Prior, C. (eds.). Biological control of locusts and grasshoppers. Proceedings of a workshop held at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture. Cotonou, Benin.

Green, R.E. & hirons, g.j.m. 1993. The relevance of population studies to the conservation of threatened birds. in: Perrins, C.M., Lebreton, J-D. & Hirons. (eds.). Bird population studies. Oxford University Press. Oxford.

griffiths, i.l. 1995. The African inheritance. Routledge. London.

grimes, l.g. 1987. The birds of Ghana. B.O.U. Check-list No. 5. British Ornithologists Union. London.

Grimmett, r.F.A. 1987. A review of the problems affecting Palearctic migrants in Afica. ICBP. Cambridge.

Grimmett, r.f.a. & jones, t.a. 1989. Important bird areas in Europe. ICBP Technical Publication No. 9. ICBP. Cambridge.

hallman, b. 1985. Status and conservation problems of birds of prey in Greece. in: Newton, I. & Chancellor, R.D. (eds.). Conservation studies on raptors. ICBP Technical Publication No. 5. ICBP. Cambridge.

Hannah, l., lohse, D., Huthinson, c., carr, j.l. & lankerani, a. 1994. A preliminary inventory of human disturbance of world ecosystems. Ambio 23 :246-250.

Hanowski, J.M. & Niemi, G. 1995. A comparison of on- and off-road bird counts: do you need to go off the road to count birds accurately? J. Field. Ornithol. 66:496-483.

Harrison, j.a. 1987. The Southern African Bird Atlas Project. S.A. J. Sci. 83:400-401.

Harrison, J.a. 1992. The Southern African Bird Atlass Project data bank: five years of growth. S.A. J. Sci. 88:410-414.

harrison, j.a. & Allan d.g. 1995. The value of atlassing: solving real world problems. Birding in southern Africa. 47:114-116.

harrison, p. 1990. The greening of Africa. Paladin Books. London.

Hartley, R.R. & Douthwaite, R.J. 1994. Effects of DDT treatments for tsetse fly control the African goshawk in north-west Zimbabwe. Afr. J. Ecol. 32:265-272.

Haskell, P.T. 1992. The locust. Biologist 39:111-117.

haugh, j.r. 1986. Raptors in migration: Raptor conservation in the next 50 years. Raptor Research Reports 5:25-48.

hewitt, j. 1931. A guide to the vertebrate fauna of the Eastern Cape Province. The Albany Museum. Grahamstown.

hockey, P.A.r., underhill, l.g., neatherway, m. & ryan, p. 1989. Atlas of the birds of the south western Cape. Cape Bird Club. Cape Town.

hollom, p., porter, r.f., christensen, s. & willis, i. 1990. Birds of the Middle East and North Africa. Poyser. London.

huband, m. 1996. Africa's democratic cloak. Prospect January 1996:72-75.

Huxley, J. 1960. The conservation of wild life and habitats in Central and East Africa. UNESCO. Paris.

Iapichino, c. & Massa, b. 1989. The birds of Sicily. B.O.U. Check list No. 11. British Ornithological Union. Tring.

irwin, M.P.s. 1981. The Birds of Zimbabwe. Quest Publications. Harare.

Iucn. 1986. Review of the protected area system in the Afrotropical realm. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Gland.

IUcn. 1987. African Wildlife Laws. IUCN Environmental Policy & Law Occasional Paper No. 3. IUCN Environmental Law Centre. Daemisch Mohr. Siegburg.

IUCN/UNEP. 1987. The IUCN directory of Afrotropical protected areas. IUCN. Gland.

IUCN, UNEp, wwf. 1980. The world conservation strategy. Gland.

Jackson, f.J.J. 1938. The birds of Kenya Colony and the Uganda Protectorate. Sclater, W.L. (ed.). Gurney and Jackson. London.

Jansen, d.j. 1990. Sustainable wildlife utilization in the Zambezi valley of Zimbabwe: Economical, ecological and political tradeoffs. Project Paper No. 10. WWF Multispecies Project. Harare.

Kelsey, m.g. 1992. Conservation of migrants on their wintering grounds: an overview. Ibis 134 suppl. 1:109-112.

kemp, A.c. 1974. The distribution and status of the birds of the Kruger National Park. Transvaal Museum. Pretoria.

kenward, r. 1987. Wildlife radio tagging. Academic Press. London.

kerlinger, P. 1989. Flight strategies for migrating hawks. The University of Chicago Press. Chicago.

king, w.b. 1981. Endangered birds of the world. The IUCN Bird Red Data Book. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington D.C.

Kiss, A.C. (ed.). 1983. Selected multilateral treaties in the field of the environment. Vol. 1. Grotius Publications and Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.

klaassen, m. 1996. Metabolic constraints on long-distance migration in birds. J. Experim. Biol. 199:57-64.

Kolbe, f.f. 1972. The lesser kestrels of Senekal, Orange Free State. Bokmakierie 24:18-21.

kotze, s. 1993. Conservancies in Natal, 1978-1993. The origins and application of a component in informal wildlife management. University of Natal. (unpublished report).

Krebs, j.r. & coe, m.j. 1985. Sahel famine: an ecological perspective. Nature 317:13-14.

Kumerloeve, h. 1962. Notes on the birds of the Lebanese Republic. Iraq Nat. Hist. Mus. Publications 20 & 21. Baghd…d.

Lewis, D. & Carter, N. (eds.). 1993. Voices from Africa: Local perspectives on conservation. World Wildlife Fund. Washington, D.C.

Lewis, L.A. & Berry, L. 1988. African environments and resources. Unwin Hyman. Boston.

liversidge, r. 1984. The importance of national parks for raptor survival. in: Ledger, J. (ed.). Proc. V Pan-Afr. Ornith. Congr. SAOS. Johannesburg.

Lombatti, B. 1993. Een geschoten wespendief als huwelijksverzekering. Vogels July/August:22-23.

Macdonald, I.A.W. 1989. Man's role in changing the face of southern Africa. in: Huntley, B.J. (ed.). Biotic diversity in Southern Africa: Concepts and Conservation. Oxford University Press. Cape Town.

Mackay, k.n.g. 1960. Birds of the Khartoum Province. Bull. No. 1. Nat. Hist. Mus. Khartoum.

mackworth-pread, c.w. & grant, c.w. 1962. Birds of the southern third of Africa. African Hanbook of Birds. Vol.1. Series 2. Longman. London.

maclean, g.l. 1988. Robert's birds of southern Africa. New Holland Publishers. London.

Maclean, G.L. 1992. Environmental change in Africa and its effects on the avifauna. Proc. VIII Pan-Afr. Congr. 239-251.

Mager, j.l. & Ward, d. 1972. Illustrated prescriptions, distribution maps and bibliography of the species of Quelea (Weaver Birds: Ploceidae). Centre for Overseas Pest Research. London.

magnin, g. 1986. An assessment of illegal shooting and catching of birds in Malta. ICBP Study Report No. 13. ICBP. Cambridge.

magnin, g. 1991. Hunting and persecution of migratory birds in the Mediterranean region. in: Salath‚, T. (ed.). Conserving migratory birds. ICBP Technical Publication No. 12. Cambridge.

manikowski, s. 1988. Aerial spraying of Quelea. Tropical Pest Management 34:133-140.

marchant, s. 1963. Migration in Iraq. Ibis 105:369-398.

martin, r.b. 1984. Wildlife Human Interactions. in: Bell, R.H.V. & McShane-Calzi, E. (eds.). Conservation and wildlife management in Africa. Office of training and programme support: Forestry and Natural resources sector. U.S. Peace Corps.

McCann, K.i. 1993. The Lesser Kestrel in focus. in: Ledger, J. (ed.). Vision of wildlife, Ecotourism and the environment in Southern Africa. The Endangered Wildlife Trust. Parkview.

mccann, k.i. 1994. Habitat utilization and time-energy budgets of the Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni in its southern African non-breeding range. University of Witwatersrand. (unpublished MSc thesis).

mcculloch, m.n., tucker, g.m. & baillie, s.r. 1992. The hunting of migratory birds in Europe: a ringing recovery. Ibis 134 suppl. 1:55-65.

Mcewan, j.m. & Sutcliffe, r.b. 1965. The study of Africa. Methuen & Co. London.

McNaughton, S.J. 1983. Serengeti grassland ecology: the role of composite environmental factors and contingency in community organisations. Ecol. Monogr. 53:291-320.

Mcneil, r., diaz, m.t. & villeneuve, a. 1994. The mystery of shorebird over-summering: a new hypothesis. Ardea 82:143-152.

mead, c. 1983. Bird migration. Country Life Books. Rushden.

meinertzhagen, r. 1954. Some aspects of spring migration in Palestine. Ibis 96:293-298.

meinzingen, w.w., el bashir, s. a., parker, j.d., heckel, j-u. & Ellioit, c.c.h. 1989. Lethal control of Quelea. in: Bruggers, R.L. and Elliot, C.C.H. (eds.). The Quelea - Africa's bird pest. Oxford University Press. Oxford.

Mendelssohn, h. 1972. The impact of pesticides on bird life in Israel. ICBP Bull. 11:75-104.

Meyburg, b-u., eichaker, x., meyburg, c. & paillat, p. 1995. Migrations of a Greater Spotted Eagle tracked by satellite. Newsletter of the World Working Group on Birds of Prey and Owls 21/22:18-19.

Meyers, N. 1994. Eco-refugees: a crisis in the making. People and the Planet 3(4):6-9.

Miller, g. t. 1990. Living in the environment. Wadsworth Publishing Company. Belmont.

Milton, S.J. & Hoffman, M.T. 1994. The application of state-and-transition models to rangeland research and management in arid and semi-arid grassy Karoo, South Africa. Afr. J. Range For. Sci. 11:18-26.

Moreau, R.E. 1966. The bird faunas of Africa and its islands. Academic Press. London.

moreau, r.e. 1972. The Palearctic-African Bird migration systems. Academic Press. London.

moreau, r.e. 1973. The Sahel zone as an environment for Palearctic migrants. Ibis 115:413-417.

Mountfort, g. & arlott, n. 1988. Rare birds of the world. Collins. London.

Mulli‚, W.C. & Keith, J.O. 1993. The effects of aerially applied fenitrothion and chlorpyrifos on birds in the savannah of northern Senegal. J. appl. Ecol. 30:536-550.

Mulli, W.C. & meiniger, p. 1985. The decline of birds of prey populations in Egypt. in: Newton, I. & Chancellor, R.D. (eds.). Conservation studies on raptors. ICBP Techn. Publ. 5. ICBP. Cambridge.

mulli, w.c., Verwey, p.j., berends, A.g., everts, j.w., sŠne, f. & koeman, J.H. 1991. The impact of pesticides on Palearctic migratory birds in the western Sahel. in: Salath‚, T. (ed.). Conserving migratory birds. ICBP Technical Publication No. 12. ICBP. Cambridge.

mullings, l. 1976. Women and economic change in Africa. in: Hafkin, N. & Bay, E.G. (eds.). Women in Africa. Stanford University Press. Stanford.

munyakho, d. & Munyakho, s. 1995. Role models in conserving energy. African Farmer. May-September 1995:7-9.

negro, j.j & hiraldo, f. 1993. Nest site selection and breeding success in the Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni. Bird Study 40:115-119.

NEGRO, J.J., DE LA RIVA, M. & BUSTAMANTE, J. 1991. Patterns of winter distribution and abundance of Lesser Kestrels Falco naumanni in Spain. J. Raptor Res. 25(2):30-35.

Negro, j.j., don zar, j.a., Hiraldo,f., hernandes, l.m. & fernandez, m.a. 1993. Organochlorine and heavy metal contamination in non-viable eggs and its relation to breeding success in a Spanish population of Lesser Kestrels Falco naumanni. Environmental Pollution 82:201-205.

Nel, B. 1994. Magnums for a little bird of prey. Farmer's Weekly 25 February 1994:57.

Newton, i. ÿ1979. Population ecology of raptors. Poyser. Berkhamsted.

newton, I. 1995a. Relationships between breeding and wintering ranges in Palearctic-African migrants. Ibis 177:241-249.

newton, i. 1995b. The contribution of some recent research on birds to ecological understanding. J. Anim. Ecol. 64:675-696.

nielsen, b.p. & Christensen, s. 1970. Observations on the autumn migrations of raptors in the Lebanon. Ornis. Scand. 1:65-73.

Nsanjama, H. 1993. Introduction. in: Lewis, D & Carter, N. (eds.). Voices from Africa: Local perspectives on conservation. World Wildlife Fund. Washington.

nuttall, r.j. 1993. The Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni in the Orange Free State and Lesotho: 1991-1993. Mirafra 10(2):39-45.

Nyahoza, F. 1981. College of African Wildlife Management, Mweka: An example of international cooperation in the management of African wildlife. Mweka.

Oliver, r. & Atmore, a. 1994. Africa since 1800. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.

Owen, m. & Black, j.m. 1991. The importance of migration mortality in non-passerine birds. in: Perrins, C.M., Lebreton, J-D. & Hirons, G.J.M. (eds.). Bird population studies. Oxford University Press. Oxford.

owen-smith, g. 1993. Wildlife conservation in Africa: Is there another way? in: Lewis, D. & Carter, N. (eds.). Voices from Africa: Local perspectives on conservation. World Wildlife Fund. Washington, D.C.

Paget-Wilkes, a.h. 1928. The birds of the region south of Lake Nyasa. Ibis October 1928:690-748.

Pain, h., tyler, s.j. & Vittery, a. 1958. A check list of the birds of Addis Ababa. The Ethiopian Wildlife and Nat. Hist. Soc. Addis Ababa.

parker, j.d. 1986. A novel sprayer for the control of Quelea birds. Tropical Pest Management 32:243-245.

Parker, V. 1995. The current status of birds of prey in southern Mozambique. Journal of African Raptor Biology 10(1):2-3.

Parr, s. & navesco, M. 1994. Interim report on Lesser Kestrel research, July 1994, in central Turkey. (unpublished report).

Parr, S., Colin, P., Silk, S., Wilbraham, J., Williams, N.P. & Yarar, M. 1995. A baseline survey of Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni in Central Turkey. Biological Conservation 72:45-53.

Pearce, F. 1992. Mirage of the shifting sands. New Scientist 1851:38-42.

Pepler, D. 1992. Techniques for determining the origins of Lesser Kestrels Falco naumanni overwintering in the Cape Province, South Africa. Gabar 7(2):62-64.

Pepler, d. 1994a. The Endangered Lesser Kestrel: Current Research. Part 1: Spain. Birding in Southern Africa 46(2):53-57.

pepler, d. 1994b. The Endangered Lesser Kestrel: Current Research. Part 1: Russia and Kazakhstan. Birding in Southern Africa 46(3):79-82.

pepler, d. & martin, r. 1993. Raptor road counts: are they reliable? Promerops 208:5.

Pepler, D. & Oettl�, e.e. 1992. Trichomonas gallinae in wild raptors on the Cape Peninsula. S. A. J. Wildl. Res. 22(3):87-88.

Pepler, d., de villiers, b. & Martin, r.j. 1996. An approach to management planning for Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni overwintering in Africa. in: Muntander, J. & Mayol, J. (eds.). Biolog¡a y Conservaci¢n de las Rapaces Mediter neas. Monografia No. 4. SEO. Madrid.

Pepler, D., Martin, R., Fouch�, F. & B. van Hensbergen. 1994. Radionuclide analysis of Lesser Kestrels Falco naumanni and the origins of populations overwintering in Southern Africa. Ostrich 65:122-126.

Perry, H. 1994. Bird atlas of Botswana. University of Natal Press. Pietermaritzburg.

pienaar, h. 1995. Migrating kestrel project. Talon Talk 5:6-8.

Pilger, J. 1992. Bangkok lament. in: Pilger, J. Distant voices. Vintage. London.

Plumptre, A.J. 1993. The effects of trampling damage by herbivores on the vegetation of the Parc National des Volcans, Rwanda. Afr. J. Ecol. 32:115-129.

Pomarol, M. 1994. Releasing Montagu's Harrier Circus pygarcus by the method of hacking. J. Raptor Res. 28(1):19-22.

Pomeroy, D. 1993. Centres of high biodiversity in Africa. Conservation Biology 7(4):901-907.

Portelli, p. 1994. Large scale shooting of raptors in the Maltese Islands. in: Meyburg, B-U, & Chancellor, R.D. (eds.). Raptor Conservation Today. WWGBP. Berlin.

porter, r.f. & Beaman, m.a.s. 1985. A resume of raptor migration in Europe and the middle east. in: Newton, I. & Chancellor, R.D. (eds.). Raptor Conservation Today. ICBP Technical Publications No. 5. ICBP. Cambridge.

Potter, s. 1994. Primo tempere. Introductory notes to Officium. ECM Records. Munchen.

Preston, J. 1976. Lesser Kestrel. Bokmakierie 28(3):68-70.

Preston, g.r., siegfried, w.r. & wynberg, r.p. 1995. Attitudes and policies of the directors of South African nature conservation departments toward the protection of biological diversity. S. Afr. J. Wildl. Res. 25(3):77-89.

Preston-whyte, r.a. & tyson, p.d. 1988. The atmosphere and weather of Southern Africa. Oxford University Press. Cape Town.

rands, m.r.w. 1989. Conserving threatened birds: an overview of the species and the threats with some roles for population studies. Berichte Dt. Sektion Internat. Rat Vogelschutz 28:101-112.

Rich, B. 1994. Mortgaging the Earth. The World Bank, environmental impoverishment and the crisis of development. Earthscan. London.

Richardson, s. (ed.). 1995. The Environmental Agenda. WWF UK. Pluto Press. London.

risebrough, r.w. 1989. Toxic chemicals and birds of prey: discussion at Eilat in 1987. in: Meyburg, B-U, & Chancellor, R.D. (eds.). Raptors in the modern world. World Working Group on Birds of Prey and Owls. Berlin.

riviere, b.b. 1918. Notes upon European birds met with during a short visit to South Africa. Ibis October 1918:598-602.

Roberts, c. 1995. Taking responsibility: Sport, Leisure, hospitality and tourism. Council for the environment educational programme/WWF UK. Pluto Press. London.

Roos, Z.N. & Roos, M.M. 1986. First report: Lesser Kestrel survey. Mirafra 3(3):46-48.

Rudebeck, g. 1963. Studies on some Palearctic and Arctic birds in their in their winter quarters in South Africa. 4. Birds of prey (Falconiformes). in: Hanstr”m-Per Brink, B. & Ruderick, G. (eds.). South African Animal Life. Results of the Lund Expedition in 1950-1951. Swedish Natural Science Research Council. Stockholm

Ruffino, R., araujo, a. & abreu, m.v. 1985. Breeding raptors in Portugal: distribution and population estimates. in: Newton, I. & Chancellor, R.D. (eds.). Conservation studies on raptors. ICBP Technical Publication. No.5. ICBP. Cambridge.

Rummel-Bulska, I. & Osafo, S. 1994. Selected multilateral treaties in the field of the environment. Vol. 2. Grotius Publications and Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.

Salath‚, T. 1991a. The ICBP migratory birds conservation programme. in: Salath‚, T. (ed.). Conserving migratory birds. ICBP Technical Publication No. 12. ICBP. Cambridge.

Salath‚, T. 1991b. Forward plan for the ICBP migratory birds programme 1991-1994 (West Palearctic-African flyways) in: Salath‚, T. (ed.). Conserving migratory birds. ICBP Technical Publication No. 12. ICBP. Cambridge.

Schafer, E.W. Jr. 1972. The acute oral toxicity of 369 pesticidal, pharmaceutical and other chemicals to wild birds. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 21:315-330.

Schlesinger, F. 1994. Deurbraak met sprinkaanbeheer. Landbouweekblad 19 Augustus:18-19.

Schama, s. 1996. Landscape and memory. Fontana Press. London

schmidl, d. 1982. The birds of the Serengeti National Park Tanzania. B.O.U. Check-list No. 5. British Ornithologists Union. London.

schulton, g.g.b. & harrison, g.b. 1975. An annotated list of birds recorded at Lake Chilwa. The Society of Malawi Journal 18(2):1-29.

Schultz, H. 1988. Weiástorchzug: ™kologie, Gef„hrdung und Schutz des Weiástorchs in Afrika und Nahost. Josef Margraf. Weikensheim.

Seibold, I. 1994. Untersuchunen zur molekularen phylogenie der greifv”gel anhand von DNA-sequenzen des motochondriellen cytochrom b-Gens. Hartung-Gorre Verlag. Konstanz.

serle, w., morel, g.j. & hartwig, w. 1977. A field guide to the birds of west Africa. Collins. London.

Shirihai, h. 1996. The birds of Israel. Academic Press.

Short, L.L., Horn, j.f.m., & Muringo-gichuki, c. 1990. Annotated check-list of the birds of East Africa. Vertebrate Foundation of Vertebrate Zoology. Los Angeles.

Siegfried, W.R. 1968. Relative abundance of birds of prey in the Cape Province. ÿOstrich 39:253-258.

siegfried, w.r. 1983. Red Data Books: bibles for protectionists, Aunt Sallies for conservationists. in: Ledger, J. (ed.). International Symposium: "The Extinction Alternative". Endangered Wildlife Trust. Johannesburg.

Siegfried, W.R. & Skead, D.M. 1971. Status of the lesser kestrel in South Africa. Ostrich 42:1-4.

Simbotwe, M.P. 1993. African realities and western expectations. in: Lewis, D. & Carter, N. (eds.). Voices from Africa: Local perspectives on conservation. World Wildlife Fund. Washington, D.C.

Sinclair, I., Hockey, P. & Tarboton, W. 1993. Sasol birds of Southern Africa. Struik. Cape Town.

smalley, M.e. 1983. A major lesser kestrel roost in Kenya. Scopus 7:44-47.

Smeenk, C. 1974. Comparative ecological studies of some East African birds of prey. Academisch Proefschrift. Ponsen & Looijen. Wagenen.

Smith, k.d. 1944. The birds of Addis Ababa, central Abbysinnia, and its surroundings. Ibis July 1944:245-251.

Smith, k.d. 1955. An annotated check list of the birds of Eritrea. Ibis 99:1-26.

smithers, r.h.n. 1964. A check list of the birds of the Betchuanaland Protectorate and the Caprivi strip. Trustees of the National Museums of Southern Rhodesia. University Printing House. Cambridge.

Sorley, C.S. & Andersen, D.E. 1993. Raptor abundance in south-central Kenya in relation to land-use patterns. Afr. J. Ecol. 22:30-38.

Spearpoint, J. & spearpoint, m. 1988. Falco naumanni predation on locust swarms. Gabar 3:104.

Stander, p.e., Ghau, x., tsisaba, d. & txoma, x. 1996. A new method of darting: stepping back in time. Afr. J. Ecol. 34:48-53.

Steyn, p. 1982. Birds of prey of Southern Africa. David Philip. Cape Town.

Sultana, J. 1991. Malta ornithological society: a bird protection society in a hostile environment. in: Salath‚, T. (ed.). Conserving migratory birds. ICBP Technical Publication No. 12. ICBP. Cambridge.

sultana, j. 1996. The myth of sustainable hunting. World Birdwatch 18(1):24.

Tait, j., lane, a. & carr, s. 1991. Practical conservation: Site assessment and management planning. Hodder and Stoughton. Sevenoaks.

Taljaart, F.D. & Anderson, M.D. 1994. Violent hailstorm kills 357 Lesser Kestrels. Gabar 9(1):28-29.

Tarboton, w.r. & Allan, d.g. 1984. The status and conservation of birds of prey in the Transvaal. Tvl. Mus. Monograph No. 3. Pretoria.

Taylor, p.b. 1979. Palearctic and intra-African migrant birds in Zambia: a report for the period May 1971 - December 1974. Occasional Paper No. 1. Zambian Ornithological Society. Ndola.

Taylor, p.b. 1984. A roost of lesser kestrels Falco naumanni on the Athi plains, Kenya. Scopus 8:26.

Teague, W.R. & Smit, G.N. 1992. Relations between woody and herbaceous components and the effects of bush-clearing in southern African savannas. J. Grassl. Soc. South Afr. 9(2):60-71.

Tear, T.H., Scott, J.M., Hayward, P.H. & Griffith, B. 1995. Recovery plans and the Endangered Species Act: are critisisms supported by data? Conservation Biology 9:182-195.

Thake, m.a. 1981. Falls of migratory kestrels induced by a cold pool. Rev. Ital. Orn. Milano 51:241-242.

thake, m.a. 1982. Anti-cyclonic conditions over the Mediterranean. Rev. Ital. Orn. Milano 52:178-186.

Th‚v‚not, M., Bergier, P. & Beaubrun, P. 1985. Present distribution and status of raptors in Morocco. in: Newton, I. & Chancellor, R.D. (eds.). Conservation Studies on Raptors. ICBP Technical Publication No. 5. ICBP. Cambridge.

thiollay, j.m. 1985. Ecology and status of several European raptors and the White Stork in their winter quarters in West Africa. ICBP Report 14th Conf. Europ. Cont. Section (1983). Cambridge.

thomsen, p. & jacobsen, p. 1979. The birds of Tunisia. Nature Travels. Copenhagen.

Thomsett, S. 1987. Raptor deaths as a result of poisoning Quelea in Kenya. Gabar 2(2):33-38.

thomsett, s. 1988. Distribution and status of the peregrine in Kenya. in: Cade, T.J., Henderson, C.G., Thelander, C.J. & White, C.M. (eds.). Peregrine falcon populations: their management and recovery. The Peregrine Fund. Inc. Boise. Idaho.

Tickell, o. 1996. Foam turn locusts into party animals. New Scientist 2011:13.

Triplet, P. & Yson, P. 1995. Concentrations inhabituelles d'oiseaux consommateurs de criquets dans de Delta du Fluevre, Senegal. Aulada 63(3):21-27.

Underhill, l.g., Prys-Jones, R.p., Harrison, J.a. & martinez, P. 1992. Seasonal patterns of occurrence of Palearctic migrants in southern Africa using atlassing data. Ibis 134 suppl. 1:99-108.

Unep. 1992. The convention on biological diversity. UNEP. Gland.

Urban, e.k. & brown, l.h. 1971. A checklist of the birds of Ethiopia. Haille Sellassi I University Press. Addis Ababa.

van der have, t.m. 1991. Conservation of Palearctic-African migrants: are both ends burning? Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 6:308-311.

Van Rooyen, C. 1994. Sprinkaanbeheer het miljard rand bespaar. Landbouweekblad 2 December 1994:10-13.

Verdoorn, G. h. 1993. The redbilled quelea saga - a victory for conservation and agriculture. Antidote 1(3):1-2.

Verdoorn, g.h. 1995a. Raptors in the Free State skies. On Track October/November 1995.

Verdoorn, G.H. 1995b. Report on the progress and activities of the poison working group - 1 April 1994 to 31 March 1995. Antidote: Newsletter of the Poison Working Group. Endangered Wildlife Trust.

Verdoorn, g.h. 1995c. Turning the tide for birds of prey in South Africa. Birding in Southern Africa 47(4):110-113.

viitala, j., korpim„ki, e. & Palokangas, p. 1995. Attraction of kestrels to vole scent marks visible in ultraviolet light. Nature 373:425-427.

Vujakovic, p. 1996. The nature of fantasy. The Geographical Magazine March 1996:19-20.

ward, p. 1986. Rational strategies for the control of Queleas and other migrant bird pests in Africa. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., London (B) 287:289-300.

Werner, A. 1933. Africa - Myths and Legends. George G. Harrap & Co. London.

westoby, m., walker, b. & Noy-meir, i. 1989. Opportunistic management for rangelands not in equilibrium. J. Range. Mgmt. 42:266-274.

white, F. 1983. The vegetation of Africa: a descriptive memoir. UNESCO. Paris.

williams, M. 1994. International economic organisations and the third world. Harvester Wheatsheaf. New York.

Wilson, V.J. 1972. Observations on the effect of Dieldrin on wildlife during Tstse Fly Glossina morsitans control operations in Eastern Zambia. Arnoldia (Rhodesia) 5:1-12.

wink, m. & seibold, s. 1996. Molecular phylogeny of Mediterranaean Raptors (Families Accipitridae and Falconidae). in: Muntander, J. & Mayol, J. (eds.). Biolog¡a y Conservaci¢n de las Rapaces Mediter neas. Monografia No. 4. SEO. Madrid.

Wood, C.a. & Fyfe, f.m. 1943. The art of falconry being the De Arte Venandi cum Avibus of Frederick II of Hohnenstauffen. Oxford University Press. London.

Yeld, J. 1993. Caring for the earth: South Africa. A strategy for sustainable living. Southern African Nature Foundation. Stellenbosch.

Zakharov, V.M. & Clarke, G.M. 1993. Biotest: a new integrated biological approach for assessing the condition of natural environments. Russian Academy of Sciences. Moscow.

Zollinger, R, & Hagemeijer, W.J.M. 1994. The Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni: review of the status of a globally threatened species. in: Meyburg, B-U. & Chancellor, R.D. (eds.). Raptor Conservation Today. World Working Group on Birds of Prey and Owls. The Pica Press.